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Halfway between Machu Picchu and the city of Cuzco, Peru, lies a civil engineering wonder that has captivated and puzzled researchers and travelers since it was first photographed in 1931. Situated on a plateau, the ancient Inca site of Moray consists of many terraced circular depressions in the earth, the largest of which is 30 meters (98 feet) deep. The difference in temperature between the top and the bottom of the circles can be as much as 15 �C (27 �F). What are those mysterious concentric circles? What do they mean? Was this a religious site? An agricultural research station? Moray: Inca Engineering Mystery reports the results of an exhaustive investigation into the surveying work underlying the sites construction, as well as the engineered systems for collecting and delivering water. Ken Wright and his team take the reader on a tour of Moray, describing the geography and geology of the area. They explain their field evidence that led to solving the Inca mystery and resolving decades of speculation. The book includes a walking tour and map to guide visitors through Morays significant features. Profusely illustrated and written in nontechnical language, Moray will appeal to civil engineers interested in earthworks, water supply systems, and engineering history, as well as the tourist and armchair traveler.
- Sales Rank: #2142076 in Books
- Published on: 2011-03-14
- Original language: English
- Dimensions: 10.75" h x 8.25" w x .75" l, 1.70 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 228 pages
About the Author
Kenneth R. Wright, P.E., L.S., is founder and chief engineer of Wright Water Engineers, Inc., a Denver consulting firm specializing in water resources and municipal utility design. He is author of Machu Picchu: A Civil Engineering Marvel (ASCE Press, 2000) and Tipon: Water Engineering Masterpiece of the Inca Empire (ASCE Press, 2006). Ruth M. Wright, J.D., is co-author of the best selling The Machu Picchu Guidebook published in 2001 and revised in 2004. She is an award-winning photographer with photos appearing in numerous publications, including National Geographic Magazine. Her photo-essay Machu Picchu Revealed was published in 2008. Alfredo Valencia Zegarra, Ph.D., was a professor at the Department of Anthropology and Archaeology at Cusco and a registered professional archaeologist with the Instituto Nacional de Cultura de Peru. He spent several years as the Machu Picchu resident archaeologist and was co-author of The Machu Picchu Guidebook and Machu Picchu: A Civil Engineering Marvel. Gordon McEwan, Ph.D., is a professor at Wagner College on Staten Island in New York. As an Andean scholar, he has led archaeological research projects in Peru over the course of 23 field seasons at Pikillacta and Chokepukio.
Most helpful customer reviews
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent contribution to study of ancient American civilizations
By T. D'Altroy
This book is a very welcome addition to the literature on the ancient Americas and to studies of the history of pre-modern engineering. Civil engineer Ken Wright and his colleagues provide a readable and professional description of the Inca archaeological site of Moray, one of the most spectacular and unusual sites in the Inca heartland near Cuzco, Peru. Moray is formed by arrays of large terraces lining the sides of sinkholes in the hills overlooking the Vilcanota drainage - the Incas' Sacred Valley. Over the years since it was first recorded from the air in the Shippee-Johnson expedition of 1931, the site's purpose has puzzled archaeologists. The two predominant theories are that it was an experimental agricultural station and a ritual complex. Wright et al. settle on the second explanation, which makes sense to this reader.
The book contains thirteen chapters, eleven of which were written by Wright and the late archaeologist Alfredo Valencia Z. The first covers the site's discovery; the next two Inca engineering and technology; the next three hydrology, hydrological engineering, and construction engineering; the next two agriculture and the theory of agricultural experimentation; and then carved rocks, nearby Inca sites, and conclusions. Those chapters are followed by an overview of the Inca empire by archaeologist Gordon McEwan and a walking tour of Moray by author and photographer Ruth Wright. The entire text combines clear descriptions with illustrations, photos, and some technical information.
This is the third volume by Wright and his colleagues on the hydraulic engineering of Inca sites in the heartland. It was preceded by fine works on Machu Picchu and Tipon, two royal estates. Moray itself was almost surely also a royal holding, to judge from its placement and architecture. Overall, the book is designed to be useful both the interested lay reader and the professional archaeologist, and it works for both. I recommend this and its two predecessors, not just because of the quality of presentation, but because there is no equally professional discussion of the topic of Inca hydraulic and civil engineering to be found by any other authors.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
A beautiful enigma decoded
By Vincent R. Lee, architect
Once again, Ken and Ruth Wright and their associates have done us all a favor. They've taken on one of the most interesting and long-standing enigmas of Inca architecture and site planning, avoiding the entertaining but fanciful interpretations of the past in favor of solid and detailed scientific investigation.
Moray has for many years been described as an Inca agricultural research site, on the assumption that the concentric rings of its descending terraces created differing micro-climates of precisely the kind needed to grow a wide variety of crops in a confined space. All the more amazing was the fact that they were able to accomplish this at an altitude of over 3500 meters, where few crops really wanted to grow at all. Those wonderful Incas! So clever, yet practical and productive. Moray seemed a perfect example of their genius. Like everyone else, I passed along the research station explanation for years to anyone who would listen.
Well,it turns out we've all been wrong all along. It's not that the Incas weren't smart, or that Moray isn't an outstanding example of their engineering and architectural prowess. The Wrights have demonstrated the superior skills embodied in Moray's design and construction in great detail. But they also show conclusively that the research station interpretation that we've all loved so much doesn't "hold water." (pun intended - Ken Wright is a noted hydrologist). The differing micro-climates just don't exist, a least not in ways useful for agricultural research. So what was Moray? You'll be surprised. Read the book and find out.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Moray: misterio de la ingenier�a Inca
By Marita Landaveri
Tuve el gusto de recibir, recientemente, el �ltimo libro de Ruth y Ken Wright y de los doctores Alfredo Valencia y Gordon McEwan: "Moray, Inca Engineering Mystery". Nuevamente los Wright han realizado un exhaustivo estudio que los lleva a concluir el verdadero uso que se le dio a este sitio arqueol�gico. Moray no es, como cre�amos, un espacio para experimentos agr�colas y para cultivos a mucha altura, sino una bella e incre�ble obra maestra de ingenier�a, a trav�s de la cual los Incas pudieron embellecer el panorama y demostrar sus habilidades, su excelencia en la construcci�n y dise�o. Con m�s de 500 a�os desde su construcci�n, es un orgullo de todos los peruanos y contin�a atrayendo a turistas y estudiosos. Lean el libro para acompa�ar la investigaci�n de sus autores y descifrar juntos este misterio. Les recomiendo su lectura, solo puedo comentar que, en mi caso, conozco Moray desde el aire, desde un helic�ptero en el que fui a Machu Picchu hace unos a�os. Por eso, luego de leer "Moray", es casi como si hubiera estado all� y conociera todos los Muyus y cada c�rculo y piedra en ese lugar tan especial. Espero visitar Moray cuando regrese al Per�. Ojal� que, como con sus anteriores publicaciones, los Wright y sus colaboradores editen tambi�n la versi�n en espa�ol, para beneficio de tantos otros turistas, ingenieros, acad�micos y dem�s lectores. Como peruana, agradezco su tiempo y esfuerzo; y, su amor por mi pa�s.
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